茶飢素的發現(體歸靈)

中興大學生物科技學研究所曾志正教授團隊指出,「四季春」茶葉中,含有「茶飢素」(teaghrelin)成分,經試驗證實,可誘導腦部釋放飢餓訊號,提高食慾,也能刺激生長激素分泌,此項研發成果並獲選為期刊封面,將台灣四季春茶園機器採收的景觀樣貌,一併呈現在國際期刊。
興大於2019特地舉辦台灣四季春烏龍茶產業升級發表會,邀請包括松原製茶廠、甲級製茶廠、名香茶行、鈺統食品及嘉品生物科技等台灣茶製程技術產學聯盟成員,展示上述研發成果。曾志正表示,當胃部排空有能量需求時,胃底基部細胞,會分泌飢餓素(ghrelin),是人體中負責傳遞飢餓訊息的荷爾蒙訊號分子;同時,也直接管控生長激素的分泌及調控體內代謝、能量平衡、記憶力、心血管與腸胃蠕動功能等重要生理功能。
有別於從福建引種的青心烏龍品種,「四季春」品種,是台灣在地(木柵)突變品種,目前大量栽種在南投名間。曾志正認為,台灣四季春烏龍茶,已具相當實力,可發展成具國際競爭力的特色產業。
原因有三:第一,含養生成分-茶飢素,飲用約5至10克的四季春烏龍茶所泡出的茶湯,差不多是國人泡一壺茶的用量,即可達到功效,與飲茶者產生飢餓感的經驗相符。
第二,名間鄉大量栽種的四季春茶樹生長力強、產量高,且比其他茶種耐寒,因此,年初最早可採春茶,年終最晚可採冬茶(冬片),每年可採收六至七次,產量大且品質穩定。
第三,產業鏈專業分工細膩,種茶、採茶、製茶與賣茶等,各有專業從業人員,經串聯起來的四季春烏龍茶量產方式,已達物美價廉的工業化規模。
四季春茶樹在台灣種植很廣,且產量很大的茶樹品種,而四季春茶葉所製成的烏龍茶,因香氣十足,價格便宜更是國內罐裝茶與手搖茶的主要茶品。然而,香氣足、回甘佳的四季春烏龍茶,卻有個天生的缺點,其苦澀度,比青心烏龍茶明顯高許多,因此,飲品業者常以添加糖來掩蓋苦澀口感。
幾經探索,我們發覺喝青心烏龍茶能產生飢餓感並促進腸胃蠕動的效果非常類似飢餓素所誘發的生理功效。因此,我們大膽推測青心烏龍茶湯中應該含有能經口服吸收進入體內且能執行與飢餓素一樣功能的成份;而且,此有效成份應當是青心烏龍茶特有或是含量明顯高於其他台灣常見的烏龍茶品。
立基於此推測,我們利用高效能液相層析儀(High Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC)分析比較青心烏龍及其他台灣常見的烏龍茶種,如四季春、鐵觀音、武夷、鳳凰、高山石壁、老欉水仙和白毫烏龍等茶湯中所含成份的差異。分析結果顯示,青心烏龍與其他茶種的茶湯成份極為相似;以青心烏龍與四季春茶湯成份做比較為例(圖一),主要成份包含咖啡因(caffeine)、兒茶素類(catechins)、黃酮醇配醣體(flavonol glycosides)等成份,而且各主要成份含量的比列於不同的烏龍茶湯中也十分相近。
然而,我們比對到兩個微量成份,其含量在青心烏龍茶湯中明顯高於在其他烏龍茶湯中。猜測這兩個獨特的成份極有可能就是導致青心烏龍茶能產生較明顯飢餓感與腸胃蠕動的主要化合物。於是利用核磁共振光譜儀(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy)來解析其結構;
解析結果發現這兩個成份為結構非常相似的化合物(僅僅差一個羥基),歸類為醯化黃酮醇配醣體(acylated flavonol tetraglycosides),經後續的生理活性驗證,證實這兩個醯化黃酮醇配醣體的確具有類似飢餓素的功能,因此成份來自於茶(tea)且具有飢餓素(ghrelin)的功效,遂將其命名為”體歸靈” (teaghrelin)或就其功效特性稱之為”茶飢素”。
近年來,由於養生意識抬頭,低糖、無糖的烏龍茶品應運而生,甚至比許多含糖飲料,更受喜愛。曾志正說,在科技部產學技術聯盟合作計畫(簡稱小產學)支持下,已成立「台灣茶製程技術產學聯盟」,將協助聯盟成員以製程技術,來提升四季春烏龍茶品質。
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Q R S and T U V
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Happy, happy, shall we be
When we learn our ABC’s
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Fly Bird Fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Up up to the sky
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Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
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Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are!
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Round the Mulberry Bush
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Here we go round the mulberry bush
so early in the morning.
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SING MORE SONGS AND POST FAKE ARTICLES
London Bridge is falling down
London Bridge is falling down,
Falling down, falling down.
London Bridge is falling down,
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Build it up with iron bars,
Iron bars, iron bars,
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My fair lady!
Iron bars will bend and break,
Bend and break, bend and break.
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Thursday, la-la-la Friday, la-la-la Saturday. That makes a week.
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Two Little Eyes
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two little ears and one little nose
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two little lips with the teeth close in
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ABC’s Song
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Happy, happy, shall we be
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Fly Bird Fly
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Fly birdie fly
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One Two Buckle My Shoes
One, two, buckle my shoe
Three, four, Shut the door
Five, six, Seven, eight,
Nine, ten, Let’s go play
—
Goodbye to You
Goodbye to you, goodbye to you
Goodbye my dear friend
I’ll see you again
—
Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf
Who’s afraid of the big bad wolf
Big bad wolf
Big bad wolf
Who’s afraid of the big bad wolf
Tra la la la la
—
How Much is that Doggie?
How much is that doggie in the window? *(arf! Arf!)*
The one with the waggley tail
How much is that doggie in the window? *(arf! Arf!)*
I do hope that doggie’s for sale
—
Two Little Eyes
Two little eyes that open and close
two little ears and one little nose
Two tittle checks and one little chin
two little lips with the teeth close in
—
ABC’s Song
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N O P
Q R S and T U V
W and X Y Z
Happy, happy, shall we be
When we learn our ABC’s
—
Fly Bird Fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Up up to the sky
La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La
—
Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are
Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are!
—
Round the Mulberry Bush
Here we go round the mulberry bush,
The mulberry bush, The mulberry bush.
Here we go round the mulberry bush
so early in the morning.
—
Math Rank SEO TEST:
One Two Buckle My Shoes
One, two, buckle my shoe
Three, four, Shut the door
Five, six, Seven, eight,
Nine, ten, Let’s go play
—
Goodbye to You
Goodbye to you, goodbye to you
Goodbye my dear friend
I’ll see you again
—
Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf
Who’s afraid of the big bad wolf
Big bad wolf
Big bad wolf
Who’s afraid of the big bad wolf
Tra la la la la
—
How Much is that Doggie?
How much is that doggie in the window? *(arf! Arf!)*
The one with the waggley tail
How much is that doggie in the window? *(arf! Arf!)*
I do hope that doggie’s for sale
—
Two Little Eyes
Two little eyes that open and close
two little ears and one little nose
Two tittle checks and one little chin
two little lips with the teeth close in
—
ABC’s Song
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N O P
Q R S and T U V
W and X Y Z
Happy, happy, shall we be
When we learn our ABC’s
—
Fly Bird Fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Up up to the sky
La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La
—
Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are
Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are!
—
Round the Mulberry Bush
Here we go round the mulberry bush,
The mulberry bush, The mulberry bush.
Here we go round the mulberry bush
so early in the morning.
—
SING MORE SONGS AND POST FAKE ARTICLES
London Bridge is falling down
London Bridge is falling down,
Falling down, falling down.
London Bridge is falling down,
My fair lady!
Build it up with iron bars,
Iron bars, iron bars,
Build it up with iron bars,
My fair lady!
Iron bars will bend and break,
Bend and break, bend and break.
Iron bars will bend and break,
My fair lady!
—
Ten Little Indians
One little, two little, three little Indians, Four little, five little, six little Indians,
Seven little, eight little, nine little Indians. Ten little Indian boys.
—
Days of the Week
Sunday, la- la – la Monday, la-la-la Tuesday, la-la-la Wednesday~
Thursday, la-la-la Friday, la-la-la Saturday. That makes a week.
—
Two Little Eyes
Two little eyes that open and close
two little ears and one little nose
Two tittle checks and one little chin
two little lips with the teeth close in
—
ABC’s Song
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N O P
Q R S and T U V
W and X Y Z
Happy, happy, shall we be
When we learn our ABC’s
—
Fly Bird Fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Up up to the sky
La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La
—
Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are
Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are!
—
Round the Mulberry Bush
Here we go round the mulberry bush,
The mulberry bush, The mulberry bush.
Here we go round the mulberry bush
so early in the morning.
—
SING MORE SONGS AND POST FAKE ARTICLES
London Bridge is falling down
London Bridge is falling down,
Falling down, falling down.
London Bridge is falling down,
My fair lady!
Build it up with iron bars,
Iron bars, iron bars,
Build it up with iron bars,
My fair lady!
Iron bars will bend and break,
Bend and break, bend and break.
Iron bars will bend and break,
My fair lady!
—
Ten Little Indians
One little, two little, three little Indians, Four little, five little, six little Indians,
Seven little, eight little, nine little Indians. Ten little Indian boys.
—
Days of the Week
Sunday, la- la – la Monday, la-la-la Tuesday, la-la-la Wednesday~
Thursday, la-la-la Friday, la-la-la Saturday. That makes a week.
—
Two Little Eyes
Two little eyes that open and close
two little ears and one little nose
Two tittle checks and one little chin
two little lips with the teeth close in
—
ABC’s Song
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N O P
Q R S and T U V
W and X Y Z
Happy, happy, shall we be
When we learn our ABC’s
—
Fly Bird Fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Fly birdie fly
Up up to the sky
La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La-La
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